III. Climate Change Adaptation
Since 2019, China has regarded proactive adaptation to climate change as an important part of its national strategy to actively respond to climate change, and strived to improve the adaptability, actively participated in and facilitated international cooperation on climate change adaptation, and achieved positive results in many fields.
(VII) Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Finalizing the Implementation Plan for Resolving Weak Links in Flood Control during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period. Targeting at the weak links of flood control such as large rivers and major tributaries, small and medium-sized rivers, dilapidated reservoirs and mountain torrent-induced disaster control, the main tasks of remediation and construction were proposed to improve flood control and disaster reduction capabilities.
Making all-out efforts to prevent floods and droughts. In 2019, the national average precipitation was 1% higher than normal. 616 rivers experienced floods above the warning water level, of which 120 rivers exceeded the guaranteed water level and 35 rivers broke the records. Through active prevention and control, the threats of flood disasters were successfully tacked. None of the large and medium-sized reservoirs and small (I) reservoirs across the country was collapsed, and none of the major river embankments breached. Positive progress was achieved in the prevention and control of urban waterlogging: successful response was made to Typhoon "Lekima" and regional heavy rainfall, which has ensured the safe operation of cities. Through scientific regulation, 2,690 secondary large and medium-sized reservoirs (lakes) across the country impounded a total of 151.8 billion m³
of floodwater, minimizing the impact and losses of flood disasters.
Improving marine disaster prevention and response capabilities. China organized and completed marine disaster risk assessment and zoning in 16 districts and counties, and completed the first-round check and assessment on warning sea levels; prepared and issued the China Marine Disaster Bulletin 2019 and China Sea Level Bulletin 2019. In 2020, China compiled and completed the First National Assessment Report on Ocean and Climate Change, assessing the changes in China's marine environment and the basic conditions of sea level, and forecasting future trends of ocean and climate change. In addition, sea level change monitoring and impact investigation and assessment were completed, and assessments of the impact of sea level rise on coastal works, shoreline resources, etc. were carried out.
Continuously strengthening capacity of meteorological disaster risk management and adaptation. The campaigns to strengthen the foundation of grassroots meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation were fully implemented in 1,027 counties across the country, initially completing the construction of the Phase I Monitoring and Management Platform for National Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, and establishing the national and provincial disaster prevention and mitigation information sharing channels.
Steadily pushing forward the development and utilization of climate resources and climate feasibility demonstration. 352 climate feasibility demonstration projects for urban planning, national key construction projects, and major regional economic development projects were accomplished; 2 climate feasibility demonstration standards were completed while credit evaluation and licensing for the first batch of 11 climate feasibility demonstration institutions were also completed. Nationwide fine solar resource assessments with a resolution of 1 km were carried out to facilitate the site selection and forecast services for 1,147 wind farms and solar power stations.
Reinforcing the comprehensive prevention and control of geological disasters. China formulated and issued the Technical Requirements for Geological Hazard Risk Investigation and Evaluation (Trial) and Technical Guide for Geological Disaster Special Group Combined Monitoring and Early Warning (Trial), with remote sensing identification technology methods for hidden geological hazards preliminarily formed. Detailed 1:50,000 risk surveys, and 1:10,000 risk surveys were carried out in 543 and 287 counties, respectively. 2,512 universal monitoring and early warning pilot sites were set up, and the early warning of geological disasters and meteorological risks was expanded from 24 hours to 72 hours. The engineering controls on 3,777 hidden danger points of geological disasters was completed, and 84,000 people threatened by 5,200 hidden danger points of geological disasters were relocated. Local natural resources authorities at all levels dispatched a total of 290,000 experts and professional and technical personnel to respond to more than 20,000 disasters in emergency situations.
Excerpt from: China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change（2020）
Source：http://www.ncsc.org.cn/yjcg/cbw/202111/P020211117418821628432.pdf
